Analysts’ Viewpoint
The digital last-mile platform market size has witnessed significant growth and transformation in recent years due to the increase in demand for faster, more efficient, and transparent last-mile delivery solutions. Digital last-mile platforms are increasingly adopting hyper-localization strategies to cater to the demand for same-day and on-demand deliveries.
The global digital last-mile platform market is poised for continuous expansion and innovation in the next few years. Environmental concerns influence the last-mile delivery industry. Hence, companies are adopting eco-friendly delivery options, such as electric vehicles, drones, or green delivery methods, to reduce their carbon footprint. Additionally, companies are focusing on hyper-personalization to cater to individual customer preferences. All these factors are leading to digital last-mile platform market growth.
A digital last-mile platform is an advanced technology-based solution or software ecosystem designed to optimize and streamline the final stage of the supply chain process, commonly known as the "last mile." The last mile represents the critical movement of goods or services from a central distribution point to their ultimate destination, which is a customer's residence, a retail store, or any other specific delivery location.
The last mile is considered one of the most critical and challenging aspects of the supply chain as it involves complex logistics, time-sensitive deliveries, and high customer expectations. Digital last-mile platforms aim to address these challenges and improve the efficiency of last-mile delivery through the use of technology and data-driven solutions.
These platforms reduce delivery times and improve customer satisfaction by establishing micro-fulfillment centers and optimizing delivery routes at the neighborhood level. They are integrating advanced analytics and AI algorithms to predict customer needs and provide tailored delivery experiences.
According to Morgan Stanley, the e-commerce market was valued at over US$ 3 Trn in 2022 and is estimated to cross US$ 5 Trn in 2026. Additionally, in 2021, e-commerce sales was 21% of the total retail sales and is expected to reach 27% of the total retail sales in 2026.
Rapid expansion of the e-commerce industry fundamentally changed consumer shopping habits, which increased the need for efficient, reliable, and technology-driven last-mile delivery solutions. Digital last-mile platforms emerged as a crucial enabler for businesses to meet customer expectations, optimize their delivery processes, and stay competitive in the dynamic e-commerce landscape.
Demand for efficient and reliable last-mile delivery solutions is growing due to increase in number of consumers embracing online shopping. Last-mile delivery is often considered the most critical and challenging part of the delivery process.
The number of orders and packages being shipped soared due to the rise of e-commerce. Traditional delivery methods struggle to handle the increased volume efficiently. Smart delivery platforms leverage technology to optimize routes and streamline delivery operations, which ensure packages reach customers on time.
E-commerce customers often desire real-time tracking and visibility about the status of their deliveries. Digital last-mile platforms provide tracking information and notifications, giving consumers a sense of control over their orders.
E-commerce businesses face fluctuations in demand, with peak periods, such as Black Friday or holiday seasons, leading to a surge in orders. Digital last-mile platforms offer scalability that allows e-commerce companies to handle increased delivery requirements during peak times without significant infrastructure investments.
Rapid expansion of the e-commerce industry has fundamentally changed consumer shopping habits and increased the need for efficient, reliable, and technology-driven digital logistics solutions. Digital last-mile platforms enable businesses to meet customer expectations, optimize their delivery processes, and stay competitive in the dynamic e-commerce landscape. This is boosting the digital last-mile platform market value.
Increased prevalence of autonomous vehicles and delivery robots has augmented the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of logistics operations. Autonomous vehicles and robotics can operate 24/7 without fatigue that allows for faster and more efficient deliveries.
They optimize delivery routes, avoid traffic congestion, and reduce the time taken to transport goods from warehouses to customers. The enhanced efficiency translates into quicker delivery times, which is a crucial competitive advantage in the e-commerce and delivery industry.
Autonomous delivery robots are utilized for last-mile deliveries. Small robots navigate sidewalks and crosswalks to deliver packages directly to customers' doorsteps as they are equipped with advanced sensors and GPS technology. They can carry small to medium-sized packages, making them ideal for efficient and quick deliveries within a limited radius.
Traditional delivery services struggle to reach remote or sparsely populated areas as high cost is involved in hiring human delivery agents for such regions. Autonomous vehicles and robots extend the reach of last-mile delivery services to these areas, making it economically viable to serve customers who were previously underserved.
The incorporation of autonomous vehicles and delivery robots sets apart digital last-mile platforms from traditional delivery services. These platforms attract more customers and ensures competitive advantage in the market as they offer innovative and technologically advanced delivery solutions with the help of autonomous vehicles and delivery robots.
Autonomous vehicles and robots offer scalability to handle a high volume of deliveries without proportionally increasing operational costs. The scalability enables digital last-mile platforms to adapt and expand their services to meet the increasing demands of the e-commerce market.
The usage of autonomous vehicles and robotics is reshaping the last-mile delivery landscape, which drives innovation, and propels the demand of the digital last-mile platform market. As technology continues to advance, integration of autonomous vehicles and robotics is expected to create new business opportunities in the digital last-mile platform market in the next few years.
According to the latest digital last-mile platform industry research report, North America is anticipated to hold the dominant share of the global industry. Expansion of the e-commerce sector in the region has increased the demand for efficient last-mile delivery solutions. Leading e-commerce companies present in the region, such as Amazon, eBay, and Walmart, invested in developing sophisticated last-mile logistics platforms, leading to market progress.
The digital last-mile platform industry growth in Asia Pacific is expected to be at the highest CAGR during the forecast period. Several countries in the region, such as China, India, Indonesia, and South Korea, are experiencing robust economic growth, leading to an increase in consumer spending and e-commerce activities. Businesses and consumers are increasingly adopting digital last-mile platforms to meet their delivery needs. These factors are driving the digital last-mile platform value in the region.
The digital last-mile platform market research report profiles major solution providers based on parameters such as financials, key product offerings, recent developments, and strategies.
Onfleet, Inc., FarEye Technologies, Inc., The Descartes Systems Group Inc., Shipwell, Inc., Shipsy.io, Onro, Inc., Scurri Ltd., Loginext Solutions Private Limited, Zebra Technologies Corporation, Click Labs Inc (TooKen), Bringg Delivery Technologies Ltd., and WorkWave LLC are key players in the digital last-mile platform market.
Prominent providers are investing in R&D activities to introduce end-to-end delivery platforms that can meet the growing market demand. These service providers are tapping into the latest digital last-mile platform market trends to gain new opportunities and stay ahead of the competitive curve.
Key players have been profiled in the digital last-mile platform market forecast report based on parameters such as product portfolio, recent developments, business strategies, financial overview, company overview, and business segments.
Attribute | Detail |
---|---|
Market Value in 2022 |
US$ 6.4 Bn |
Market Forecast Value in 2031 |
US$ 21.7 Bn |
Growth Rate (CAGR) |
14.5% |
Forecast Period |
2023-2031 |
Historical Data Available for |
2018-2022 |
Quantitative Units |
US$ Mn for Value |
Market Analysis |
Qualitative analysis includes drivers, restraints, opportunities, key trends, analysis, value chain analysis, and key trend analysis. |
Competition Landscape |
|
Format |
Electronic (PDF) + Excel |
Market Segmentation |
|
Regions Covered |
|
Countries Covered |
|
Companies Profiled |
|
Customization Scope |
Available upon request |
Pricing |
Available upon request |
It was valued at US$ 6.4 Bn in 2022
It is anticipated to reach US$ 21.7 Bn by the end of 2031
The CAGR is estimated to be 14.5% from 2023 to 2031
Growth in e-commerce and increase in concerns about sustainability
North America accounted for leading share in 2022
Onfleet, Inc., FarEye Technologies, Inc., The Descartes Systems Group Inc., Shipwell, Inc., Shipsy.io, Onro, Inc., Scurri Ltd., Loginext Solutions Private Limited, Zebra Technologies Corporation, Click Labs Inc. (TooKen), Bringg Delivery Technologies Ltd., and WorkWave LLC
1. Preface
1.1. Market Introduction
1.2. Market Segmentation
1.3. Key Research Objectives
2. Assumptions and Research Methodology
2.1. Research Methodology
2.1.1. List of Primary and Secondary Sources
2.2. Key Assumptions for Data Modelling
3. Executive Summary: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market
4. Market Overview
4.1. Market Definition
4.2. Technology/Product Roadmap
4.3. Market Factor Analysis
4.3.1. Forecast Factors
4.3.2. Ecosystem/Value Chain Analysis
4.3.3. Market Dynamics (Growth Influencers)
4.3.3.1. Drivers
4.3.3.2. Restraints
4.3.3.3. Opportunities
4.3.3.4. Impact Analysis of Drivers and Restraints
4.4. COVID-19 Impact Analysis
4.4.1. Impact of COVID-19 on Digital Last-Mile Platform Market
4.5. Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
4.6. PEST Analysis
4.7. Market Opportunity Assessment – by Region (North America/Europe/Asia Pacific/Middle East & Africa/South America)
4.7.1. By Component
4.7.2. By Deployment
4.7.3. By Application
4.7.4. By End-user
5. Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Analysis and Forecast
5.1. Market Revenue Analysis (US$ Mn), 2018-2031
5.1.1. Historic Growth Trends, 2018-2022
5.1.2. Forecast Trends, 2023-2031
6. Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Analysis, by Component
6.1. Overview and Definitions
6.2. Key Segment Analysis
6.3. Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Size (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Component, 2018 - 2031
6.3.1. Software/Platform
6.3.2. Services
7. Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Analysis, by Deployment
7.1. Overview and Definitions
7.2. Key Segment Analysis
7.3. Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Size (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Deployment, 2018 - 2031
7.3.1. Cloud
7.3.2. On-premise
8. Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Analysis, by Application
8.1. Overview and Definitions
8.2. Key Segment Analysis
8.3. Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Size (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Application, 2018 - 2031
8.3.1. Route Optimization
8.3.2. Tracking
8.3.3. Customer Communication
8.3.4. Analytics & Reporting
8.3.5. Others
9. Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Analysis, by End-user
9.1. Key Segment Analysis
9.2. Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Size (US$ Mn) Forecast, by End-user, 2018 - 2031
9.2.1. Logistics
9.2.2. Retail & E-commerce
9.2.3. Healthcare
9.2.4. Food & Beverage
9.2.5. Others
10. Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Analysis and Forecasts, by Region
10.1. Key Findings
10.2. Market Size (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Region, 2018-2031
10.2.1. North America
10.2.2. Europe
10.2.3. Asia Pacific
10.2.4. Middle East & Africa
10.2.5. South America
11. North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Analysis and Forecast
11.1. Regional Outlook
11.2. Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Size (US$ Mn) Analysis and Forecast, 2018 - 2031
11.2.1. By Component
11.2.2. By Deployment
11.2.3. By Application
11.2.4. By End-user
11.3. Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Size (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Country, 2018 - 2031
11.3.1. U.S.
11.3.2. Canada
11.3.3. Mexico
12. Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Analysis and Forecast
12.1. Regional Outlook
12.2. Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Size (US$ Mn) Analysis and Forecast, 2018 - 2031
12.2.1. By Component
12.2.2. By Deployment
12.2.3. By Application
12.2.4. By End-user
12.3. Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Size (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Country/Sub-region, 2018 - 2031
12.3.1. Germany
12.3.2. U.K.
12.3.3. France
12.3.4. Italy
12.3.5. Spain
12.3.6. Rest of Europe
13. Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Analysis and Forecast
13.1. Regional Outlook
13.2. Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Size (US$ Mn) Analysis and Forecast, 2018 - 2031
13.2.1. By Component
13.2.2. By Deployment
13.2.3. By Application
13.2.4. By End-user
13.3. Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Size (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Country/Sub-region, 2018 - 2031
13.3.1. China
13.3.2. India
13.3.3. Japan
13.3.4. ASEAN
13.3.5. Rest of Asia Pacific
14. Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Analysis and Forecast
14.1. Regional Outlook
14.2. Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Size (US$ Mn) Analysis and Forecast, 2018 - 2031
14.2.1. By Component
14.2.2. By Deployment
14.2.3. By Application
14.2.4. By End-user
14.3. Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Size (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Country/Sub-region, 2018 - 2031
14.3.1. Saudi Arabia
14.3.2. U.A.E.
14.3.3. South Africa
14.3.4. Rest of Middle East & Africa
15. South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Analysis and Forecast
15.1. Regional Outlook
15.2. Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Size (US$ Mn) Analysis and Forecast, 2018 - 2031
15.2.1. By Component
15.2.2. By Deployment
15.2.3. By Application
15.2.4. By End-user
15.3. Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Size (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Country/Sub-region, 2018 - 2031
15.3.1. Brazil
15.3.2. Argentina
15.3.3. Rest of South America
16. Competition Landscape
16.1. Market Competition Matrix, by Leading Players
16.2. Scale of Competition, 2022
16.3. Market Revenue Share/Ranking Analysis, by Leading Players (2022)
16.4. List of Startups
16.5. Competition Evolution
16.6. Major Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansions, Partnership, Contacts, Deals, etc.
17. Company Profiles
17.1. Onfleet, Inc.
17.1.1. Business Overview
17.1.2. Company Revenue
17.1.3. Product Portfolio
17.1.4. Geographic Footprint
17.1.5. Recent Developments
17.1.6. Impact of COVID-19
17.1.7. TMR View
17.1.8. Competitive Threats and Weakness
17.2. FarEye Technologies, Inc.
17.2.1. Business Overview
17.2.2. Company Revenue
17.2.3. Product Portfolio
17.2.4. Geographic Footprint
17.2.5. Recent Developments
17.2.6. Impact of COVID-19
17.2.7. TMR View
17.2.8. Competitive Threats and Weakness
17.3. The Descartes Systems Group Inc.
17.3.1. Business Overview
17.3.2. Company Revenue
17.3.3. Product Portfolio
17.3.4. Geographic Footprint
17.3.5. Recent Developments
17.3.6. Impact of COVID-19
17.3.7. TMR View
17.3.8. Competitive Threats and Weakness
17.4. Shipwell, Inc.
17.4.1. Business Overview
17.4.2. Company Revenue
17.4.3. Product Portfolio
17.4.4. Geographic Footprint
17.4.5. Recent Developments
17.4.6. Impact of COVID-19
17.4.7. TMR View
17.4.8. Competitive Threats and Weakness
17.5. Shipsy.io
17.5.1. Business Overview
17.5.2. Company Revenue
17.5.3. Product Portfolio
17.5.4. Geographic Footprint
17.5.5. Recent Developments
17.5.6. Impact of COVID-19
17.5.7. TMR View
17.5.8. Competitive Threats and Weakness
17.6. Onro, Inc.
17.6.1. Business Overview
17.6.2. Company Revenue
17.6.3. Product Portfolio
17.6.4. Geographic Footprint
17.6.5. Recent Developments
17.6.6. Impact of COVID-19
17.6.7. TMR View
17.6.8. Competitive Threats and Weakness
17.7. Scurri Ltd.
17.7.1. Business Overview
17.7.2. Company Revenue
17.7.3. Product Portfolio
17.7.4. Geographic Footprint
17.7.5. Recent Developments
17.7.6. Impact of COVID-19
17.7.7. TMR View
17.7.8. Competitive Threats and Weakness
17.8. Loginext Solutions Private Limited
17.8.1. Business Overview
17.8.2. Company Revenue
17.8.3. Product Portfolio
17.8.4. Geographic Footprint
17.8.5. Recent Developments
17.8.6. Impact of COVID-19
17.8.7. TMR View
17.8.8. Competitive Threats and Weakness
17.9. Zebra Technologies Corporation
17.9.1. Business Overview
17.9.2. Company Revenue
17.9.3. Product Portfolio
17.9.4. Geographic Footprint
17.9.5. Recent Developments
17.9.6. Impact of COVID-19
17.9.7. TMR View
17.9.8. Competitive Threats and Weakness
17.10. Click Labs Inc (TooKen)
17.10.1. Business Overview
17.10.2. Company Revenue
17.10.3. Product Portfolio
17.10.4. Geographic Footprint
17.10.5. Recent Developments
17.10.6. Impact of COVID-19
17.10.7. TMR View
17.10.8. Competitive Threats and Weakness
17.11. Bringg Delivery Technologies Ltd.
17.11.1. Business Overview
17.11.2. Company Revenue
17.11.3. Product Portfolio
17.11.4. Geographic Footprint
17.11.5. Recent Developments
17.11.6. Impact of COVID-19
17.11.7. TMR View
17.11.8. Competitive Threats and Weakness
17.12. WorkWave LLC
17.12.1. Business Overview
17.12.2. Company Revenue
17.12.3. Product Portfolio
17.12.4. Geographic Footprint
17.12.5. Recent Developments
17.12.6. Impact of COVID-19
17.12.7. TMR View
17.12.8. Competitive Threats and Weakness
17.13. Others
17.13.1. Business Overview
17.13.2. Company Revenue
17.13.3. Product Portfolio
17.13.4. Geographic Footprint
17.13.5. Recent Developments
17.13.6. Impact of COVID-19
17.13.7. TMR View
17.13.8. Competitive Threats and Weakness
18. Key Takeaways
List of Tables
Table 1: Acronyms Used in Digital Last-Mile Platform Market
Table 2: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Analysis, by Country, 2023 - 2031 (US$ Mn)
Table 3: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Analysis, by Country/Sub-region, 2023 - 2031 (US$ Mn)
Table 4: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Analysis, by Country/Sub-region, 2023 - 2031 (US$ Mn)
Table 5: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Analysis, by Country/Sub-region, 2023 and 2031 (US$ Mn)
Table 6: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Analysis, by Country/Sub-region, 2023 - 2031 (US$ Mn)
Table 7: Forecast Factors: Relevance and Impact (1/2)
Table 8: Forecast Factors: Relevance and Impact (2/2)
Table 9: Impact Analysis of Drivers & Restraints
Table 10: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Component, 2018 - 2031
Table 11: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Deployment, 2018 - 2031
Table 12: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Application, 2018 - 2031
Table 13: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by End-user, 2018 - 2031
Table 14: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Volume (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Region, 2018 - 2031
Table 15: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Component, 2018 - 2031
Table 16: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Deployment, 2018 - 2031
Table 17: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Application, 2018 - 2031
Table 18: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by End-user, 2018 - 2031
Table 19: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Country, 2018 - 2031
Table 20: U.S. Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue CAGR Breakdown (%), by Growth Term
Table 21: Canada Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue CAGR Breakdown (%), by Growth Term
Table 22: Mexico Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue CAGR Breakdown (%), by Growth Term
Table 23: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Component, 2018 - 2031
Table 24: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Deployment, 2018 - 2031
Table 25: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by End-user, 2018 - 2031
Table 26: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Application, 2018 - 2031
Table 27: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Country/Sub-region, 2018 - 2031
Table 28: Germany Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue CAGR Breakdown (%), by Growth Term
Table 29: U.K. Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue CAGR Breakdown (%), by Growth Term
Table 30: France Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue CAGR Breakdown (%), by Growth Term
Table 31: Italy Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue CAGR Breakdown (%), by Growth Term
Table 32: Spain Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue CAGR Breakdown (%), by Growth Term
Table 33: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Component, 2018 - 2031
Table 34: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Deployment, 2018 - 2031
Table 35: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Application, 2018 - 2031
Table 36: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by End-user, 2018 - 2031
Table 37: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Country/Sub-region, 2018 - 2031
Table 38: China Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue CAGR Breakdown (%), by Growth Term
Table 39: India Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue CAGR Breakdown (%), by Growth Term
Table 40: Japan Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue CAGR Breakdown (%), by Growth Term
Table 41: ASEAN Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue CAGR Breakdown (%), by Growth Term
Table 42: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Component, 2018 - 2031
Table 43: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Deployment, 2018 - 2031
Table 44: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Application, 2018 - 2031
Table 45: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by End-user, 2018 - 2031
Table 46: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Country/Sub-region, 2018 - 2031
Table 47: Saudi Arabia Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue CAGR Breakdown (%), by Growth Term
Table 48: U.A.E. Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue CAGR Breakdown (%), by Growth Term
Table 49: South Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue CAGR Breakdown (%), by Growth Term
Table 50: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Component, 2018 - 2031
Table 51: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Deployment, 2018 - 2031
Table 52: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Application, 2018 - 2031
Table 53: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by End-user, 2018 - 2031
Table 54: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value (US$ Mn) Forecast, by Country/Sub-region, 2018 - 2031
Table 55: Brazil Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue CAGR Breakdown (%), by Growth Term
Table 56: Argentina Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue CAGR Breakdown (%), by Growth Term
Table 57: Mergers & Acquisitions, Partnerships (1/2)
Table 58: Mergers & Acquisitions, Partnerships (2/2)
List of Figures
Figure 1: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Size (US$ Mn) Forecast, 2018-2031
Figure 2: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue (US$ Mn) Opportunity Assessment, by Region, 2023E
Figure 3: Top Segment Analysis of Digital Last-Mile Platform Market
Figure 4: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue (US$ Mn) Opportunity Assessment, by Region, 2031F
Figure 5: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Attractiveness Assessment, by Component
Figure 6: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Attractiveness Assessment, by Deployment
Figure 7: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Attractiveness Assessment, by Application
Figure 8: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Attractiveness Assessment, by End-user
Figure 9: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Attractiveness Assessment, by Region
Figure 10: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue (US$ Mn) Historic Trends, 2018 - 2022
Figure 11: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity (US$ Mn) Historic Trends, 2018 - 2022
Figure 12: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Component, 2023
Figure 13: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Component, 2031
Figure 14: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Software/Platform, 2023 - 2031
Figure 15: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Services, 2023 - 2031
Figure 16: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Deployment, 2023
Figure 17: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Deployment, 2031
Figure 18: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Cloud, 2023 - 2031
Figure 19: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by On-premise, 2023 - 2031
Figure 20: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Application, 2023
Figure 21: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Application, 2031
Figure 22: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Route Optimization, 2023 - 2031
Figure 23: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Tracking, 2023 - 2031
Figure 24: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Customer Communication, 2023 - 2031
Figure 25: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Analytics & Reporting, 2023 - 2031
Figure 26: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Others, 2023 - 2031
Figure 27: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by End-user, 2023
Figure 28: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by End-user, 2031
Figure 29: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Logistics, 2023 - 2031
Figure 30: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Retail & E-commerce, 2023 - 2031
Figure 31: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Healthcare, 2023 - 2031
Figure 32: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Food & Beverage, 2023 - 2031
Figure 33: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Others, 2023 - 2031
Figure 34: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Region
Figure 35: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Opportunity Share (%), by Region, 2023-2031
Figure 36: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Size (US$ Mn), by Region, 2023 & 2031
Figure 37: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Region, 2023
Figure 38: Global Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Region, 2031
Figure 39: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), 2023 - 2031
Figure 40: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), 2023 - 2031
Figure 41: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), 2023 - 2031
Figure 42: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), 2023 - 2031
Figure 43: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), 2023 - 2031
Figure 44: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by Component
Figure 45: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by Deployment
Figure 46: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by Application
Figure 47: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by End-user
Figure 48: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by Country
Figure 49: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Component, 2023
Figure 50: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Component, 2031
Figure 51: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Software/Platform, 2023 - 2031
Figure 52: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Services, 2023 - 2031
Figure 53: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Deployment, 2023
Figure 54: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Deployment, 2031
Figure 55: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Cloud, 2023 - 2031
Figure 56: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by On-premise, 2023 - 2031
Figure 57: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Application, 2023
Figure 58: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Application, 2031
Figure 59: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Route Optimization, 2023 - 2031
Figure 60: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Tracking, 2023 - 2031
Figure 61: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Customer Communication, 2023 - 2031
Figure 62: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Analytics & Reporting, 2023 - 2031
Figure 63: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Others, 2023 - 2031
Figure 64: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by End-user, 2023
Figure 65: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by End-user, 2031
Figure 66: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Logistics, 2023 - 2031
Figure 67: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Retail & E-commerce, 2023 - 2031
Figure 68: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Healthcare, 2023 - 2031
Figure 69: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Food & Beverage, 2023 - 2031
Figure 70: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Others, 2023 - 2031
Figure 71: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Country, 2023
Figure 72: North America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Country, 2031
Figure 73: U.S. Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Opportunity Growth Analysis (US$ Mn) Forecast, 2023 - 2031
Figure 74: Canada Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Opportunity Growth Analysis (US$ Mn) Forecast, 2023 - 2031
Figure 75: Mexico Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Opportunity Growth Analysis (US$ Mn) Forecast, 2023 - 2031
Figure 76: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by Component
Figure 77: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by Deployment
Figure 78: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by Application
Figure 79: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by End-user
Figure 80: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by Country/Sub-region
Figure 81: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Component, 2023
Figure 82: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Component, 2031
Figure 83: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Software/Platform, 2023 - 2031
Figure 84: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Services, 2023 - 2031
Figure 85: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Deployment, 2023
Figure 86: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Deployment, 2031
Figure 87: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Cloud, 2023 - 2031
Figure 88: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by On-premise, 2023 - 2031
Figure 89: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Application, 2023
Figure 90: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Application, 2031
Figure 91: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Route Optimization, 2023 - 2031
Figure 92: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Tracking, 2023 - 2031
Figure 93: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Customer Communication, 2023 - 2031
Figure 94: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Analytics & Reporting, 2023 - 2031
Figure 95: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Others, 2023 - 2031
Figure 96: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by End-user, 2023
Figure 97: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by End-user, 2031
Figure 98: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Logistics, 2023 - 2031
Figure 99: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Retail & E-commerce, 2023 - 2031
Figure 100: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Healthcare, 2023 - 2031
Figure 101: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Food & Beverage, 2023 - 2031
Figure 102: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Others, 2023 - 2031
Figure 103: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Country/Sub-region, 2023
Figure 104: Europe Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Country/Sub-region, 2031
Figure 105: Germany Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Opportunity Growth Analysis (US$ Mn) Forecast, 2023 - 2031
Figure 106: U.K. Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Opportunity Growth Analysis (US$ Mn) Forecast, 2023 - 2031
Figure 107: France Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Opportunity Growth Analysis (US$ Mn) Forecast, 2023 - 2031
Figure 108: Italy Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Opportunity Growth Analysis (US$ Mn) Forecast, 2023 - 2031
Figure 109: Spain Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Opportunity Growth Analysis (US$ Mn) Forecast, 2023 - 2031
Figure 110: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by Component
Figure 111: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by Deployment
Figure 112: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by Application
Figure 113: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by End-user
Figure 114: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by Country/Sub-region
Figure 115: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Component, 2023
Figure 116: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Component, 2031
Figure 117: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Software/Platform, 2023 - 2031
Figure 118: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Services, 2023 - 2031
Figure 119: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Deployment, 2023
Figure 120: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Deployment, 2031
Figure 121: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Cloud, 2023 - 2031
Figure 122: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by On-premise, 2023 - 2031
Figure 123: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Application, 2023
Figure 124: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Application, 2031
Figure 125: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Route Optimization, 2023 - 2031
Figure 126: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Tracking, 2023 - 2031
Figure 127: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Customer Communication, 2023 - 2031
Figure 128: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Analytics & Reporting, 2023 - 2031
Figure 129: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Others, 2023 - 2031
Figure 130: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by End-user, 2023
Figure 131: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by End-user, 2031
Figure 132: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Logistics, 2023 - 2031
Figure 133: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Retail & E-commerce, 2023 - 2031
Figure 134: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Healthcare, 2023 - 2031
Figure 135: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Food & Beverage, 2023 - 2031
Figure 136: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Others, 2023 - 2031
Figure 137: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Country/Sub-region, 2023
Figure 138: Asia Pacific Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Country/Sub-region, 2031
Figure 139: China Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Opportunity Growth Analysis (US$ Mn) Forecast, 2023 - 2031
Figure 140: India Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Opportunity Growth Analysis (US$ Mn) Forecast, 2023 - 2031
Figure 141: Japan Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Opportunity Growth Analysis (US$ Mn) Forecast, 2023 - 2031
Figure 142: ASEAN Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Opportunity Growth Analysis (US$ Mn) Forecast, 2023 - 2031
Figure 143: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by Component
Figure 144: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by Deployment
Figure 145: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by Application
Figure 146: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by End-user
Figure 147: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by Country/Sub-region
Figure 148: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Component, 2023
Figure 149: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Component, 2031
Figure 150: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Software/Platform, 2023 - 2031
Figure 151: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Services, 2023 - 2031
Figure 152: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Deployment, 2023
Figure 153: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Deployment, 2031
Figure 154: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Cloud, 2023 - 2031
Figure 155: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by On-premise, 2023 - 2031
Figure 156: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Application, 2023
Figure 157: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Application, 2031
Figure 158: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Route Optimization, 2023 - 2031
Figure 159: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Tracking, 2023 - 2031
Figure 160: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Customer Communication, 2023 - 2031
Figure 161: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Analytics & Reporting, 2023 - 2031
Figure 162: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Others, 2023 - 2031
Figure 163: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by End-user, 2023
Figure 164: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by End-user, 2031
Figure 165: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Logistics, 2023 - 2031
Figure 166: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Retail & E-commerce, 2023 - 2031
Figure 167: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Healthcare, 2023 - 2031
Figure 168: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Food & Beverage, 2023 - 2031
Figure 169: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Others, 2023 - 2031
Figure 170: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Country/Sub-region, 2023
Figure 171: Middle East & Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Country/Sub-region, 2031
Figure 172: Saudi Arabia Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Opportunity Growth Analysis (US$ Mn) Forecast, 2023 - 2031
Figure 173: U.A.E. Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Opportunity Growth Analysis (US$ Mn) Forecast, 2023 - 2031
Figure 174: South Africa Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Opportunity Growth Analysis (US$ Mn) Forecast, 2023 - 2031
Figure 175: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by Component
Figure 176: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by Deployment
Figure 177: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by Application
Figure 178: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by End-user
Figure 179: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Revenue Opportunity Share, by Country/Sub-region
Figure 180: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Component, 2023
Figure 181: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Component, 2031
Figure 182: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Software/Platform, 2023 - 2031
Figure 183: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Services, 2023 - 2031
Figure 184: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Deployment, 2023
Figure 185: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Deployment, 2031
Figure 186: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Cloud, 2023 - 2031
Figure 187: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by On-premise, 2023 - 2031
Figure 188: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Application, 2023
Figure 189: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Application, 2031
Figure 190: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Route Optimization, 2023 - 2031
Figure 191: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Tracking, 2023 - 2031
Figure 192: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Customer Communication, 2023 - 2031
Figure 193: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Analytics & Reporting, 2023 - 2031
Figure 194: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Others, 2023 - 2031
Figure 195: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by End-user, 2023
Figure 196: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by End-user, 2031
Figure 197: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Logistics, 2023 - 2031
Figure 198: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Retail & E-commerce, 2023 - 2031
Figure 199: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Healthcare, 2023 - 2031
Figure 200: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Food & Beverage, 2023 - 2031
Figure 201: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Absolute Opportunity (US$ Mn), by Others, 2023 - 2031
Figure 202: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Country/Sub-region, 2023
Figure 203: South America Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Value Share Analysis, by Country/Sub-region, 2031
Figure 204: Brazil Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Opportunity Growth Analysis (US$ Mn) Forecast, 2023 - 2031
Figure 205: Argentina Digital Last-Mile Platform Market Opportunity Growth Analysis (US$ Mn) Forecast, 2023 - 2031